The most well-known and most commonly known piece of Aztec weaponry were the macuahuitls. The macuahuitl could be compared to a sword: they were about 3-4' long, made of wood and the edges were embedded with obsidian blades. They could not be thrusted like a sword as they had no "point" but they were still very strong. Spanish conquerors claimed that they could cleanly decapitate a horse in one blow. (source)
Here is an excellent link to a youtube video that exhibits the brute strength of a macuahuitl in action. According to the video, in terms of power, the macuahuitl was actually quite a bit stronger than the Spanish steel sword, except they were at a disadvantage because the steel swords could destroy the wood the macuahuitl is made out of.
Another powerful weapon that the Aztecs took advantage of were slings called tematlatl. The slings were made from fibers from the maguey plant and the rocks they used to fling were all carefully made to be the same size and weight so that they could throw them with extreme accuracy. The rocks were very heavy and could be thrown up to an estimated 650 feet. They would have been powerful enough to do serious damage to even metal armor. (source)
Another long distant weapon commonly used was the atlatl. According to the World Atlatl Association an atlatl is "a stick with a handle on one end and a hook or socket that engages a light spear or "dart" on the other. The flipping motion of the atlatl propels a light spear much faster and farther than it could be thrown by hand alone." For the Aztecs atlatls were also very symbolic. They were made with great artistry and often depicted their most important gods. They were sometimes given as gifts to important people.
Other Weapons:
Bows and arrows: The bows were five feet long and the arrow heads were made out of obsidian. They could fly up to 450 feet.
Clubs: called a cuauhololli, these were made for crushing and smashing. Usually they were a handle of wood with a ball on the end, but sometimes they were embedded with bits of obsidian in a similar fashion to the macuahuitl. (source)
Here is an excellent link to a youtube video that exhibits the brute strength of a macuahuitl in action. According to the video, in terms of power, the macuahuitl was actually quite a bit stronger than the Spanish steel sword, except they were at a disadvantage because the steel swords could destroy the wood the macuahuitl is made out of.
(a replica of a tematlatl (source))
Another long distant weapon commonly used was the atlatl. According to the World Atlatl Association an atlatl is "a stick with a handle on one end and a hook or socket that engages a light spear or "dart" on the other. The flipping motion of the atlatl propels a light spear much faster and farther than it could be thrown by hand alone." For the Aztecs atlatls were also very symbolic. They were made with great artistry and often depicted their most important gods. They were sometimes given as gifts to important people.
Other Weapons:
Bows and arrows: The bows were five feet long and the arrow heads were made out of obsidian. They could fly up to 450 feet.
Clubs: called a cuauhololli, these were made for crushing and smashing. Usually they were a handle of wood with a ball on the end, but sometimes they were embedded with bits of obsidian in a similar fashion to the macuahuitl. (source)